Mechanotransduction in Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration Induced by Dynamic Acoustic Force and Fluid Flow

Mechanotransduction has demonstrated potentials for tissue adaptation in vivo and in vitro. Although a wide range of studies have been done, mechanism for this mechanical effect on bone regeneration is unknown and still under active investigation. A potential mechanism, by which bone cells may sense mechanotransductive signals, is through deformation and streaming of bone cells and their surface structures, to trigger osteogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of acoustic radiation force (ARF) in bone remodeling and osteogenesis, and biological responses of stem cells to induced fluid flow and mitigation of osteopenia.